漢日語音與句法語義關系的研究.pdf

1、摘要任何語言都有自己獨特的結構系統(tǒng)模式，有其特殊的呈示句法語義關系的形式。任何句法語義關系最終必須通過語音形式來實現，它(創(chuàng)千J)與語音形式密切相關，不可分離。一句話，語音是呈示句法語義關系最重要的、無可替代的形式手段。本論文以這種思考為前提，運用實驗語音學的方法，詳細比較研究了漢日兩種語否語音節(jié)律(頻率性質、強度差異、延展時間、停頓、語調軌跡等)與句法語義的種種關系。全文分三大部分。上篇包括第一章至第四章。第一章從發(fā)音角度比較現代漢日

2、元輔音系統(tǒng)。第二章通過提取第一共振峰和第二共振峰的實驗數據從聲學角度比較漢日單元音的分布格局。第三章分析了在各種組合語境中漢日單元音的時長變化及比例關系。第四章從外語學習的角度詳細分析了漢語送氣音不送氣音與日語清音濁音在)川沮、持阻和除隊1三階段呈現的不同時長比例差異。下篇含第五章至第卜二章。第五章通過漢語“啊”“吧”與日語“上”“相”兩組句末語氣詞的語音分析，討淪了語調與信息源的歸屬關系。第六章通過比較上升調名詞獨詞句在漢語和日語中呈

3、示句法語義范圍的差異，討論了漢日名詞獨詞句的語音與句法語義的關系。第七章通過比較漢日形容詞獨詞句在表現陳述、祈使、感嘆、疑問四種語氣時呈現的不同語音特征，討論了漢日語音與語氣的關系。第八章主要討論漢日無句末語氣詞疑問句中區(qū)別特指問與是非問的語音手段的異同。第九章至第十一章都是探討語音與歧義關系的。第九章通過對歧義結構中切分下來的語段的語音分析，討論了漢語和日語潛存于句法結構理解中的韻律習慣。第十章通過對歧義句不同句法語義結構的語音分析以

4、及聽辨實驗，討論了歧義句法語義理解和詞語時長變化的關系。第十一章通過對歧義句法語義切分點的聲學分析，討論了時長在歧義切分中的境界標示功能。第十二章通過“Nl的(o))N2”短語結構中N2的弱化與非弱化的實驗分析，討論了漢日N2弱化與句法語義結構的內在聯(lián)系。結語部分(第十三章)主要從同異關系、幾組重要的語音手段(高與低、強與弱、長與短、連與斷)、協(xié)同與主次三個方面對本文論及的漢日語音與句法語義關系作了綜合論述。本論文主要研究漢語和日語語音

5、與句法語義的關系。討論范圍涉及到基頻高低及曲AbstractAnylanguagehasitsownparticularpatternofstructuralsystemanditsownparticularformsofdemonstratingtherelationshipbetweengrammarandmeaningandanykindofrelationshipbetweengrammarandmeaningmustmanif

6、estitselfthroughsoundandthereforeiscloselylinkedwithsound.Inawordsoundisthemostimportantandirreplaceablemanifestationoftherelationshipbetweengrammarandmeaning.BasedonthisideathisdissertationmakesacomparativestudyofChines

7、eandJapaneseintermsoftherelationshipsbetweensoundrhythmnatureoffrequencydiferenceofintensityextensionofdurationpausetrackofintonation一andgrammarandmeaningbyusingthemethodofexperimentalphoneticsThewholedissertationisdivid

8、edintothreeparts.Thefirstpartconsistsoffourchapters.ChapterOneisacomparativestudyoftheChinesesystemofvowelsandconsonantsandtheJapaneseoneintermsofsound.ChapterTwomakesacomparisonbetweenthelayoutofsinglevowelsinChineseand

9、thatinJapaneseinacousticaltermsbywithdrawingdatafromtheexperimentsofthefirstandsecondformant.ChapterThreemakesananalysisofthevariationsofdurationofsinglevowelsandtheirproportionsinChineseandJapaneseinthecontextofdifferen

10、tcombinations.AndChapterFourisadetailedanalysisofthediferencebetweentheChineseaspiratedunaspiratedsoundsandtheJapaneseunvoicedvoicedsoundsintermsoftheproportionsofdurationatthestagesofresistanceformingresistancesustainin

11、gandresistanceremoving.ThesecondpartismadeupofChaptersFiveSixSevenEightNineTenElevenandTwelve.ChapterFivediscussesthepossessiverelationshipbetweenintonationandinformationsourcesthroughananalysisoftheChinesesounds“a“and“b

12、a“andtheJapanesesounds“yo“and“ne“.ChapterSixdiscussestherelationshipbetweensoundandgrammarandmeaningintheChinesesinglewordsentencesandtheJapaneseonesthroughacomparativestudyofthediferencebetweenChineseandJapaneseintheran

13、geofgrammarandmeaningaspresentedbytherisingtonednounsinglewordsentences.ChapterSevendiscussestherelationshipbetweensoundandmoodthroughacomparativestudyofthedifferentsoundfeaturesoftheadjectiveinChineseandJapaneseinsugges