鎘、鉛脅迫對(duì)高粱屬飼草生理特性及重金屬積累的影響.pdf

1、鎘、鉛脅迫對(duì)高粱屬飼草生理特性及重金屬積累的影響摘要隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展，重金屬污染問(wèn)題引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。重金屬Cd、Pb易在土壤中蓄積，可在生物圈內(nèi)富集、遷移和轉(zhuǎn)化，甚至沿食物鏈的“生物放大”危及到人類(lèi)的健康。高粱屬飼草為一年生草本植物，植株高大，莖葉繁茂，生物量大，具有抗旱、耐澇、耐高溫、耐瘠薄、耐鹽堿、抗病蟲(chóng)害及抗倒伏等優(yōu)良特性，世界各地均有栽培。本研究以3種高粱屬飼草飼用高粱23402(勛啦甜聊1，甜忉陀‘23402’)、高丹草9

2、8456(sor曲umhybridSudallgrass‘98456’)、蘇丹草一伊諾(勛rg辦甜肌刪如胛P，2JP—Eno)為試驗(yàn)材料，采用盆栽的方法研究了土壤外源重金屬Cd、Pb單一及復(fù)合脅迫對(duì)高粱屬飼草生長(zhǎng)特性、生理生化指標(biāo)的影響，及其對(duì)Cd、Pb的吸收和累積效應(yīng)。探討Cd、Pb對(duì)高粱屬飼草的毒害作用，高粱屬飼草對(duì)土壤中Cd、Pb的移去效應(yīng)。以期為高粱屬飼草修復(fù)Cd、Pb污染土壤提供理論依據(jù)。結(jié)果表明：1隨著土壤Cd、Pb單一及復(fù)

3、合脅迫濃度的增大，3種高粱屬飼草株高、生物量均呈降低趨勢(shì)，低中濃度Pb(Pb50、Pbl00)與Cd復(fù)合處理對(duì)高粱屬飼草株高影響不大；高濃度Pb(Pb500)與Cd的復(fù)合脅迫、高濃度Cd(Cd50)單一及復(fù)合脅迫，3種高粱屬飼草株高和生物量均下降。飼用高梁Cdlo處理濃度、高丹草Cd5處理濃度生物量較高，蘇丹草復(fù)合脅迫的生物量均低于單一脅迫。2隨著Cd、Pb單一及復(fù)合脅迫濃度增大，高粱屬體內(nèi)葉綠素含量降低，細(xì)胞膜透性、MDA含量及脯氨酸

4、含量增大且均高于相應(yīng)的對(duì)照組；SOD活性、POD活性呈先升后降的趨勢(shì)。Cd的毒害作用大于Pb，復(fù)合脅迫的毒害作用高于單一脅迫。高粱屬飼草幼苗期POD活性較高，抽穗期脯氨酸含量和SOD活性較高，3種高粱屬飼草以蘇丹草的抗逆性較強(qiáng)。3隨著Cd、Pb單一及復(fù)合脅迫濃度增大，3種高梁屬飼草Cd、Pb積累量均呈增加趨勢(shì)。(1)cd50處理濃度Cd積累量較高，Pb促進(jìn)了高粱屬飼草對(duì)Cd的吸收，低濃度Pb(Pb50)對(duì)飼用高粱Cd的吸收、中濃度Pb(

5、Pbloo)對(duì)高丹草Cd的吸收有一定的抑制作用。(2)Pb500處理濃度Pb積累量最高，低中濃度Cd在一定程度上可以促進(jìn)蘇丹草對(duì)Pb的吸收，但對(duì)飼用高梁和高丹草效果不明顯，Cd50處理濃度抑制了高粱屬飼草對(duì)Pb的吸EffectonPhysiologicalCharacteristiAccumulationofSorghumForagestoCadmiumandPlumbumStressAbstractWiththedevelopment

6、ofindustrial，theproblemcausedbyheavymetalpollutionhasarousedwideconcernCdandPbwereeasytoaccumulateinthesoil，enriched，migrated，transformedinthebiosphere，andevenendangeredhumanhealth“mthefoodchain”Biomagnification”Sorghump

7、lantWasakindofannualherb謝t11tallstems，lushleaves，highresistancetodroughtwaterlogging，hightemperature，barren，salinitydiseases，whichWaScultivatedthroughouttheworldSorghumvulgare‘23402’，SorghumhybridSudangrass‘98456’andSorg

8、humsudanenseEnoweretestmaterialsinthisstudyWhichstudiedinthispaperwereSorghumgrowthstatus，physiologicalcharacteristics，accumulationofcadmiumandplumbuminSorghumspeciesundersoilcadmiumandplumbumtreatments。碭edtoexplorethepo

9、isoneffectofcadmiumandplumbumonSorghumplantsandtheremovingeffectofSorghumspeciestosoilcadmiumandplumbum，WhichmighttoprovidesometheoreticalbasicstosorghumforagesrepairedCdandPbcontaminatedsoiln圮resultsshowedthat：1Withthei

10、ncreaseofsoilCd，Pbstressconcentration，plantheight，biomassofthreekindsofSorghumplantsdecreasedLittleeffectedoflowconcentrationsPb(Pb50，Pb100)誦tllCdcompoundstressonsorghumforageplantheight，threekindsofsorghumplantsheightan

11、dbiomassdecreasedathighconcentrationofPb(Pbs00)andCdcompoundstressandhighconcentrationsofCd(Cds0)singleandcombinedstressBiomasswerehigheratCdt0concentrationofforagesorghum，CdsconcentrationofSorghumhybridSudangrass，biomas

12、sofSudangrasscombinedstresslessthansingle2WiththeincreasedofCd、Pbandtheircompoundtreatmentconcentration，chlorophyllcontentdecreased，thecellmembranepermeability，MDAcontentandprolinecontentincreasedandhigherthanthecontrolg

13、roupSODandPODactivityincreasedatfirstthendecreased。netoxiceffectofCdWasstrongerthanPb，combinedstressWasstrongerthansinglePODactivityoftheseedlingstageWashigherprolinecontentandSODactivityoftheheadingstagewerehigher，resis