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1、一、一、MartinLutherKingJr.“IHaveaDream“Iamhappytojoinwithyoutodayinwhatwillgodowninhistyasthegreatestdemonstrationffreedominthehistyofournation.FivesceyearsagoagreatAmericaninwhosesymbolicshadowwesttodaysignedtheEmancipatio

2、nProclamation.ThismomentousdecreecameasagreatbeaconlightofhopetomillionsofNegroslaveswhohadbeensearedintheflamesofwitheringinjustice.Itcameasajoyousdaybreaktoendthelongnightoftheircaptivity.ButonehundredyearslatertheNegr

3、ostillisnotfree.OnehundredyearslaterthelifeoftheNegroisstillsadlycrippledbythemanaclesofsegregationthechainsofdiscrimination.OnehundredyearslatertheNegrolivesonalonelyislofpovertyinthestofavastoceanofmaterialprosperity.O

4、nehundredyearslatertheNegroisstilllanguishedinthecnersofAmericansocietyfindshimselfanexileinhisownl.sowevecomeheretodaytodramatizeashamefulcondition.Inasensewevecometoournationscapitaltocashacheck.Whenthearchitectsofourr

5、epublicwrotethemagnificentwdsoftheConstitutiontheDeclarationofIndependencetheyweresigningapromissynotetowhicheveryAmericanwastofallheir.Thisnotewasapromisethatallmenyesblackmenaswellaswhitemenwouldbeguaranteedthe“unalien

6、ableRights“of“LifeLibertythepursuitofHappiness.“ItisobvioustodaythatAmericahasdefaultedonthispromissynoteinsofarashercitizensofcolareconcerned.InsteadofhoningthissacredobligationAmericahasgiventheNegropeopleabadcheckache

7、ckwhichhascomebackmarked“insufficientfunds.“Butwerefusetobelievethatthebankofjusticeisbankrupt.Werefusetobelievethatthereareinsufficientfundsinthegreatvaultsofopptunityofthisnation.sowevecometocashthischeckacheckthatwill

8、giveusupondemtherichesoffreedomthesecurityofjustice.WehavealsocometothishallowedspottoremindAmericaofthefierceurgencyofNow.Thisisnotimetoengageintheluxuryofcoolingofftotakethetranquilizingdrugofgradualism.Nowisthetimetom

9、akerealthepromisesofdemocracy.Nowisthetimetorisefromthedarkdesolatevalleyofsegregationtothesunlitpathofracialjustice.Nowisthetimetoliftournationfromthequickssofracialinjusticetothesolidrockofbrotherhood.Nowisthetimetomak

10、ejusticearealityfallofGodschildren.Itwouldbefatalfthenationtooverlooktheurgencyofthemoment.ThisswelteringsummeroftheNegroslegitimatediscontentwillnotpassuntilthereisaninvigatingautumnoffreedomequality.Nieensixtythreeisno

11、tanendbutabeginning.thosewhohopethattheNegroneededtoblowoffsteamwillnowbecontentwillhavearudeawakeningifthenationreturnstobusinessasusual.therewillbeneitherrestntranquilityinAmericauntiltheNegroisgrantedhiscitizenshiprig

12、hts.Thewhirlwindsofrevoltwillcontinuetoshakethefoundationsofournationuntilthebrightdayofjusticeemerges.ButthereissomethingthatImustsaytomypeoplewhostonthewarmthresholdwhichleadsintothepalaceofjustice:Intheprocessofgainin

13、gourrightfulplacewemustnotbeguiltyofwrongfuldeeds.Letusnotseektosatisfyourthirstffreedombydrinkingfromthecupofbitternesshatred.Wemustfeverconductourstruggleonthehighplaneofdignitydiscipline.Wemustnotallowourcreativeprote

14、sttodegenerateintophysicalviolence.Againagainwemustrisetothemajesticheightsofmeetingphysicalfcewithsoulfce.ThemarvelousnewmilitancywhichhasengulfedtheNegrocommunitymustnotleadustoadistrustofallwhitepeoplefmanyofourwhiteb

15、rothersasevidencedbytheirpresenceheretodayhavecometorealizethattheirdestinyistiedupwithourdestiny.theyhavecometorealizethattheirfreedomisinextricablyboundtoourfreedom.Wecannotwalkalone.aswewalkwemustmakethepledgethatwesh

16、allalwaysmarchahead.Wecannotturnback.Therearethosewhoareaskingthedevoteesofcivilrights“Whenwillyoubesatisfied“WecanneverbesatisfiedButnotonlythat:LetfreedomringfromStoneMountainofGegia.LetfreedomringfromLookoutMountainof

17、Tennessee.LetfreedomringfromeveryhillmolehillofMississippi.Fromeverymountainsideletfreedomring.whenthishappenswhenweallowfreedomringwhenweletitringfromeveryvillageeveryhamletfromeverystateeverycitywewillbeabletospeedupth

18、atdaywhenallofGodschildrenblackmenwhitemenJewsGentilesProtestantsCatholicswillbeabletojoinhssinginthewdsoftheoldNegrospiritual:Freeatlast!Freeatlast!ThankGodAlmightywearefreeatlast!二、二、JohnF.KennedyInauguralAddressVicePr

19、esidentJohnsonMr.SpeakerMr.ChiefJusticePresidentEisenhowerVicePresidentNixonPresidentTrumanreverendclergyfellowcitizens:Weobservetodaynotavictyofpartybutacelebrationoffreedomsymbolizinganendaswellasabeginningsignifyingre

20、newalaswellaschange.FIhaveswnbefeyouAlmightyGodthesamesolemnoathourfebearsprescribednearlyacenturythreequartersago.Thewldisverydifferentnow.Fmanholdsinhismtalhsthepowertoabolishallfmsofhumanpovertyallfmsofhumanlife.yetth

21、esamerevolutionarybeliefsfwhichourfebearsfoughtarestillatissuearoundtheglobethebeliefthattherightsofmancomenotfromthegenerosityofthestatebutfromthehofGod.Wedarenotfgettodaythatwearetheheirsofthatfirstrevolution.Letthewdg

22、ofthfromthistimeplacetofriendfoealikethatthetchhasbeenpassedtoanewgenerationofAmericansbninthiscenturytemperedbywardisciplinedbyahardbitterpeaceproudofourancientheritageunwillingtowitnesspermittheslowundoingofthosehumanr

23、ightstowhichthisnationhasalwaysbeencommittedtowhichwearecommittedtodayathomearoundthewld.Leteverynationknowwhetheritwishesuswellillthatweshallpayanypricebearanyburdenmeetanyhardshipsupptanyfriendopposeanyfoetoassurethesu

24、rvivalthesuccessofliberty.Thismuchwepledgeme.Tothoseoldallieswhoseculturalspiritualiginswesharewepledgetheloyaltyoffaithfulfriends.Unitedthereislittlewecannotdoinahostofcooperativeventures.Dividedthereislittlewecandofwed

25、arenotmeetapowerfulchallengeatoddssplitasunder.Tothosenewstateswhomwewelcometotheranksofthefreewepledgeourwdthatonefmofcolonialcontrolshallnothavepassedawaymerelytobereplacedbyafarmeirontyranny.Weshallnotalwaysexpecttofi

26、ndthemsupptingourview.Butweshallalwayshopetofindthemstronglysupptingtheirownfreedomtorememberthatinthepastthosewhofoolishlysoughtpowerbyridingthebackofthetigerendedupinside.Tothosepeopleinthehutsvillagesofhalftheglobestr

27、ugglingtobreakthebondsofmassmiserywepledgeourbestefftstohelpthemhelpthemselvesfwhateverperiodisrequirednotbecausetheCommunistsmaybedoingitnotbecauseweseektheirvotesbutbecauseitisright.Ifafreesocietycannothelpthemanywhoar

28、epoitcannotsavethefewwhoarerich.Tooursisterrepublicssouthofourbderweofferaspecialpledge:toconvertourgoodwdsintogooddeedsinanewalliancefprogresstoassistfreemenfreegovernmentsincastingoffthechainsofpoverty.Butthispeacefulr

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