簡介：分類號UDC密級單位代碼訶{I￡解茁丈霉碩士學(xué)位論文歷史唯物主義視角下的當(dāng)代宗教世俗化問題趙湘公開10094指導(dǎo)教師姓名李士菊教授專業(yè)名稱馬克思主義理論與思想政治教育研究方向馬克思主義哲學(xué)與社會發(fā)展申請學(xué)位級別碩士二OO七年六月第三部分宗教世俗化產(chǎn)生的原因。這部分從內(nèi)部和外部兩個方面分析了宗教世俗化產(chǎn)生的原因。從宗教的外部因素來分析，即宗教所賴以生存發(fā)展的世俗社會經(jīng)濟(jì)，政治，科技等因素的發(fā)展對宗教的沖擊和影響，從而導(dǎo)致并推進(jìn)世俗化進(jìn)程二是從宗教自身的內(nèi)部因素來分析，即宗教本身中存在著的世俗化的因子。除此之外，還有宗教世俗化產(chǎn)生的精神條件一方面是神在人心目中的地位淡漠了，神學(xué)宗教信仰上出現(xiàn)了危機(jī)；二是現(xiàn)代社會中的人們存在著嚴(yán)重的“精神危機(jī)”，這兩種情形疊加在一起，導(dǎo)致了人們選擇世俗化宗教的傾向。宗教世俗化就是宗教內(nèi)部和宗教外部等各種因素綜合作用的結(jié)果。第四部分宗教世俗化的未來趨勢。宗教世俗化的未來發(fā)展趨勢如何，一直是理論界關(guān)注的問題。有觀點認(rèn)為，宗教的世俗化會導(dǎo)致宗教的最終消亡；有的則認(rèn)為宗教不會消亡，未來的社會將是個宗教化的杜會。這是兩種完全相反的觀點。宗教作為一種社會歷史現(xiàn)象，它的產(chǎn)生、變化和發(fā)展符合事物自身運動、變化和發(fā)展規(guī)律。在這一部分中概括并分析了各種不同的觀點，同時論述了宗教的世俗化并沒有導(dǎo)致宗教在現(xiàn)代社會的消亡，宗教的消亡要經(jīng)歷一個十分復(fù)雜的、漫長的、曲折的過程，宗教世俗化只是宗教發(fā)展過程中的一個必經(jīng)階段．第五部分總結(jié)出了宗教世俗化的意義，周對指出針對宗教世俗化中應(yīng)該注意的各種問題，應(yīng)如何促進(jìn)宗教世俗化朝著有利于社會發(fā)展的方向前進(jìn)。關(guān)鍵詞宗教世俗化；宗教熱；未來趨勢IL

簡介：江西師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文歷史的重與輕大陸土改小說的兩種書寫姓名舒暢申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師顏敏20090501ABSTRACTINDISPLAYSTHECHINESELANDREFORMMOVEMENTINTHEMAINLANDNOVEL，HASTWOKINDOFPOSTURESONEKINDISHEAVY，PROMULGATINGITSIMPORTANTHISTORICIMPORTANCE，DEFINITELYITSREASONABLEPROGRESSIVE，ANOTHERKINDISFORTHEPURPOSEOFDISPELLINGTHESIGNIFICANCE，RAISESTHEQUESTIONFROMTHEHUMANNATUREANGLE．THELANDREFORMNOVELMAYDISCOVERACLEARERCLUEFROMTHENATIONALMAINSTREAMWORDSTOTHEVILLAGEETHICSMORALS，THEVILLAGEORDER’SREPLACEMENT，THEHUMANNATUREISNEGLECTED,TONATIONALMAINSTREAMWORDSNOLONGERSTRONGTREND，HUMANNATURERAYRECOVERY．INTHELANDREFORMNOVEL’SFARMER,ISHEAVYISDISPLAYINGITSCLASSCONSCIOUSNESSTHEFORMATION，THEMAINBOAYCONSCIOUSNESSESTABLISHMENT，THEREGULATIONSLACKSTRUEINDEPENDENTANDTHERATIONALITY．TOINTELLECTUAL’SSEVEREIDEOLOGICALREMOLDINGPROCESS，THECLASSINTHEEXTERNALFORM，HASNEGLECTEDTHEIRTRUEINNERWORLD．THEFEMININEIMAGEUNDERTOOKNARRATEDTHATTHEWOMANLIBERATEDLANDREFORMSIGNIFICANCEANDSOONLOVEANDMARRIAGEFREEDOMFUNCTIONS，LACKEDTHEFEMININEUNIQUEINDIVIDUALITYTHOROUGHDESCRIPTION．THEADJACENTPERIODSWRITINGTEXT，舶MASPECTSANDSOONCONCEPTIONOFHISTORY,NARRATION，HUMANNATUREWRITING，DESIREEXPRESSIONDISPLAYSVARIES．DIFFERENCETWOGENERATIONOFWRITERCREATION，ALSOSOMETIMESGENERATIONOFENVIRONMENTINFLUENCE，ALSOHASPERSON’SEXPERIENCEANDSOONVARIOUSREASON．KEYWORDSNATIONALAUTHORITATIVEWORDS；VILLAGEETHICS；HUMANNATURE；INTELLECTUAL；FARMER；FEMININE；HISTORY；NARRATESII

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簡介：點擊查看更多歷史與成長——論新世紀(jì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)女性小說的雙重主題精彩內(nèi)容。

簡介：THESISFORMASTER’SDEGREE,SHANXIUNIVERSITY,2014HISTORICALBLOCK“AUTHENTICITY“THEORYDISCUSSIONANDPROTECTIONSTRATEGYANALYSISDATONGHISTORICDISTRICTPRACTICESURVEYSTUDENTNAMEXIAOLIANGSUPERVISORPROFRUIWUMAJORMASTEROFCULTURALHERITAGEANDMUSEOLOGYSPECIALTYCULTURALHERITAGEPROTECTIONANDRESEARCHDEPARTMENTHISTORYANDCULTURECOLLEGERESEARCHDURATION201209201406JUNE,2014

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簡介：西北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文歷史與虛構(gòu)歷史敘事和文學(xué)敘事比較姓名王同斌申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)文藝學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師趙小雷20090616ABSTRACTHISTORICALNARRATIVEANDLITERARYNARRATIVEARCTHETWOMOSTBASICFORMSOFNARRATIVE．BOTHINTERMSOFTHEWESTORINCHINA，ITSEEMSTHATTHEREHASBEENATANGLEDRELATIONSHIP．FROMEARLYHUMANHISTORY，THEHISTORYOFMANL【IND’SEARLIESTHISTORYORLITERATURETHATISINTHEFORMOFMYTHS．WITHTHEPASSAGEOFTIME，HISTORYANDLITERATUREOFTHESEPARATIONOCCURRED．HOWEVER，ITSEEMSTHATPEOPLE’SAWARENESSOFITHASALWAYSBEENAMBIGUOUS．ONTHEONEHAND，THEREAREINCHINA”REGARDLESSOFFAMILYHISTORY”TRADITIONAL，BUTTHECOMPILATIONOFTHEHISTORYBOOKSYETTOOPENPARTOFTHEDEPARTMENTANDTHESON；HISTORIANSBOTHINTHEWEST，”AFACTUALRESPECT”THETRADITIONAL，BUTTHESAMEASHISTORICALNARRATIVEOFTHENEWLITERARYFICTIONHISTORICALPOINTOFVIEW．CURRENTACADEMICRESEARCHONTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHETWOISALSOMORECONCENTRATEDINTHE”LITERATUREOFTHESPREADOFRESEARCHLEVEL，THEOONCCLNISMORETHEHISTORYOFLITERARYNARRATIVE，OFCOUI∞，ALLOWSUSTOAVOIDTHEHISTORICALDISCOURSEOFABLINDLYTRUST．HOWEVER，NOTALLOFTHENARRATIVELITERATUREISNARRATIVE，HISTORICALNARRATIVEANDLITERARYNARRATIVEISBASEDONADIFFERENTSTORY，AFTERALL，BASEDONTHENARRATIVEOFTWOWAYS，THEFORMERISTHEHISTORYOFTHEMATTERHAVETAKENPLACEINTHENARRATIVE，THEHISTORYOFTHEPAST，”REPRESENTATION”ANDLITERATUREISTHEWRITERISMOREOFASUBJFECTIVECREATION，TOSOMEEXTENT，IS”TOCREATEA”STORY。HISTORICALNARRATIVEANDLITERARYNARRATIVE，ORTHEEXISTENCEOFTHISSIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCE．INTHISPAPER,1WOULDLIKETONARRATIVEANDSTORY,NARRATIVETIME，THEGAPINTERMSOFNARRATIVETOEXPLORETHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENTHEM．BECAUSE，AFTERALL，THEHISTORYOFTHEAESTHETICELEMENTSOFNARRATIVEISNOTTHEMAINPURPOSEOFTHEHISTORIANANDTASKS，INDEALINGWITHTHEISSUEOFIDEOLOGYALSOHASAQUITEDIFFERENTLITERARY，HISTORICALNARRATIVEOFTHEAESTHETICFACTOROFONLYHISTORIANTOTHEPEOPLEAGAIN”HISTORICALREALITY”，TOEXPRESSTHEIROWNBYPRODUCTOFTHEIDEOLOGICALTENDENCIES．ANDAPPEARASALITERARYNARRATIVEINTHEDISCOURSEOFAESTHETICYUNBYIDEOLOGYANDAESTHETICEXPRESSIONISTHEFIRSTANDTHEAUTHENTICITYOFTHESTORYITSELFISNOTTHEFOCUSOFAWRITER,THEYARECONCERNEDABOUTISTHESTORYOFITSOWNEXPRESSIONINTHEAESTHETICPURPOSEOFTHECOMBINED．KEYWORDSNARRATIVE，HISTORY，LITERATURE，TRUE，F(xiàn)ICTION，LASTING，BLANK，INTERTEXTUALITYSII

簡介：分類號密級公開UDC學(xué)號M0904018碩士學(xué)位論文歷史文化街區(qū)的VI形象設(shè)計研究結(jié)合蘇州平江路VI形象設(shè)計的思考研究生姓名顧瑩導(dǎo)師姓名沈斌沈斌教授教授申請學(xué)位級別碩士碩士學(xué)科專業(yè)名稱設(shè)計藝術(shù)學(xué)設(shè)計藝術(shù)學(xué)論文提交日期20201212年3月9日論文答辯日期20201212年5月1414日學(xué)位授予單位南京藝術(shù)學(xué)院南京藝術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)位授予日期20201212年6月日答辯委員會主席評閱人2012年5月9日II英文摘要CONTENTABSTRACTWITHTHEINCREASINGOFCHINASCULTUREANDLEISURETOURISM,THEHISTORICALANDCULTURALBLOCKSHAVEBEENPAIDMUCHMOREATTENTION,BLOCKSVIDESIGNISBECOMINGMOREIMPORTANTITCONCERNSBLOCKSAPPEARANCE,TOURISMBRAND,CULTURALINHERITANCEANDDEVELOPMENT,PROMOTINGECONOMICDEVELOPMENTANDURBANRESIDENTSLIFETHEHISTORICALANDCULTURALBLOCKSCULTUREISAMULTICULTUREWHICHINCLUDESBLOCKSHISTORICALCULTURE,REGIONALCULTURE,CUSTOMSANDTRADITIONS,MODERNCULTURE,ETCHISTORICALANDCULTURALBLOCKSVIDESIGNSHOULDPUTBLOCKSCULTURALTRAITSINTOIT,PAYATTENTIONTOTHEINTEGRITYOFTHEDESIGN,KEEPITHARMONIOUSWITHBLOCKSENVIRONMENT,KEEPFASHIONANDADHERETOTHEPRINCIPLESOFSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTTHISPAPERSYSTEMATICALLYSUMMARIZESTHEPRINCIPLEANDTHEDESIGNRULESOFHISTORICALANDCULTURALBLOCKSVIDESIGNAFTERPRACTICEOFPINGJIANGROADSVIDESIGN,EMBODIESTHERELATEDREGULATIONTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHENEWIDEASADEQUATELYKEYWORDSHISTORICALANDCULTURALBLOCKSVIDESIGNBRANDCULTURE

簡介：黑龍江大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文歷史之外的恒常人生姓名薛貞潔申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師葉君20100325黑龍江大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTLIRUI，ILLSANINFLUENTIALLITERARYWRITERS，ANDALWAYSINAUNIQUEGESTUREEXISTSINPEOPLE’SHORIZON．SENSEOFLIFEHASALWAYSBEENCREATIVETHROUGHHISWRITING．THISVIEWOFHISTORYFROMTHEANALYSISOFLIRUI’SSTARTWITHFOCUSONEXPLORATIONINTWOWAYSOFLIFEHEADHEREDTOTHEPOSITIONOFCONSCIOUSNESSWRITING，WHICHINCLUDEDEXCAVATIONLIRUIPHILOSOPHICALIMPLICATIONSOFTHENOVEL．LIRUIONTHEONEHANDTHROUGHTHEMISTSOFHISTORY,ACCUSINGTHEIRRATIONALITYOFLIFE，DEPRESSIONANDHISTORYOFHARMCAUSEDANDRECOVEREDTHELIVESOFTHOSEWHOHAVEBEENTHEHISTORICALANNIHILATION；THE0T11ERHAND，THROUGHHISDESCRIPTIONOFTHEORIGINALPOINTOFBEINGSTAGNANTLULIANGSHANAREAMEANSTOSURVIVAL，RECOUNTINGTHETHICKSOILOFTHENAPIANONTHEENDLESSSUFFERINGOFTHEHUMANSUFFERINGINEVERYPOSSIBLEWAY,THEWORDSTHATAREOUTSIDEOFPERMANENTLIFEHISTORY．HOWEVER,LIRUI’SNOVELDOESNOTSTOPTHERE，BUTCONTINUESTOMOVEFORWARDTOEXPLOREANDPURSUEAPHILOSOPHYOFPROMOTION，SOHISSTORIESDIDNOTJUSTSTOPATASPECIFICLEVELOFSENSIBLEREALITY,BUTRATHERUPTOTHELEVELOFPHIIOSOPHICALIMPLICATIONSTARTINGFROMTHEINDIVIDUALTOPURSUEUNIVERSALHUMANPREDIEANAENT．TOSUMUP,LIRUI’SNEVERAMOMENTAWAYFROMTHENOVEL，RESPECTFORLIFE，HEDESCRIBEDTOMAINTAINTHEDIGNITYOFLIFE，州THCHORDSINGINGOUTOFTHETRAGEDIESOFLIFE，ONEAFTERANOTHER．KEYWORDSLIRUI；HISTORY；LIFE；LIVINGDILEMMA．II．

簡介：分類號A8107102012111033碩士學(xué)位論文盧卡奇“總體性”思想研究基于歷史與階級意識的文本解讀魏宏亮導(dǎo)師姓名職稱劉強(qiáng)教授申請學(xué)位級別碩士學(xué)科專業(yè)名馬克思主義基本原理論文提交日期2015年5月5日論文答辯日期2015年6月14日學(xué)位授予單位長安大學(xué)THE“TOTALITY“THOUGHTOFLUKACSBASEDONTHETEXTINTERPRETATIONOFHISTORYANDCLASSCONSCIOUSNESSADISSERTATIONSUBMITTEDFORTHEDEGREEOFMASTERCANDIDATEWEIHONGLIANGSUPERVISORPROFLIUQIANGCHANG’ANUNIVERSITY,XI’AN,CHINA

簡介：分類號學(xué)校代碼學(xué)號I0165201311000336遣掌研耗大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文北朝歷史文化與北朝辭賦創(chuàng)作研究作者姓名學(xué)科、專業(yè)研究方向?qū)熜彰?0L6年05月摘要學(xué)界對于北朝文學(xué)的研究向來不十分重視，雖然二十世紀(jì)八十年代以來這種狀況有所緩解，但是相對不足。本文對北朝辭賦進(jìn)行研究，探究北朝文化的特征及其與文學(xué)之間的的諸多聯(lián)系。除去緒論和結(jié)語外，文章共分為四章第一章北朝歷史與北朝辭賦界定歷史意義上的北朝與文學(xué)意義上的北朝有所不同，北朝辭賦研究范疇?wèi)?yīng)當(dāng)包括十六國時期的辭賦作品，北朝本土文人創(chuàng)作辭賦以及由南入北文入在入北之后創(chuàng)作的辭賦三個部分。第二章北朝風(fēng)習(xí)與重質(zhì)輕文北朝的自然環(huán)境惡劣，政治環(huán)境復(fù)雜多變，加之其重儒學(xué)的文化氛圍造成北朝文風(fēng)朝著重現(xiàn)實的方向發(fā)展。影響著北朝辭賦內(nèi)容的表達(dá)與題材的選擇，北朝辭賦更多的觀照社會、觀照人生，具有重質(zhì)輕文的風(fēng)格特征。第三章矛盾與沖突中的悲情抒寫北朝時期，漢族與鮮卑族之間總體上處于一種矛盾沖突的狀態(tài)，國家政權(quán)的變更和社會動亂給文人們的身心造成了極大的傷害，國家滅亡的悲痛與個人命運的無奈使得北朝辭賦作家將胡漢沖突與華夏命運聯(lián)系起來，形成了亡國悲情主題的傳統(tǒng)。第四章南北融合與賦風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)變隨著南北朝戰(zhàn)爭的不斷發(fā)生，人口流動越來越頻繁，客觀上加速了南北文化的交流與傳播。尤其是以庾信、顏之推為代表的由南入北文人，為北朝文學(xué)注入了一股新鮮的血液，促使了南北賦風(fēng)的交融。北朝作家對于南朝辭賦進(jìn)行借鑒與模仿，學(xué)習(xí)南朝辭賦綺麗華美的風(fēng)格。與此同時南朝作家入北之后也深受北朝歷史文化的影響，作品風(fēng)格也隨之發(fā)生了改變。關(guān)鍵詞；北朝辭賦；歷史文化重質(zhì)輕文；悲情主題；南北融合

簡介：獨創(chuàng)性聲明本人聲明所呈交的論文是我個人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。盡我所知，除了文中特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外，論文中不包含其他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果，也不包含為獲得寧夏大學(xué)或其它教育機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)位或證書而使用過的材料。與我一同工作的同志對本研究所做的任何貢獻(xiàn)均已在論文中作了明確的說明并表示了謝意。研究生簽名弓幻點武時間沙F3年R月2夕日關(guān)于論文使用授權(quán)的說明本人完全了解寧夏大學(xué)有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，即學(xué)校有權(quán)保留送交論文的復(fù)印件和磁盤，允許論文被查閱和借閱，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存、匯編學(xué)位論文。同意寧夏大學(xué)可以用不同方式在不同媒體上發(fā)表、傳播學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容。保密的學(xué)位論文在解密后應(yīng)遵守此協(xié)議研究生簽名A商式’時間口13年F月切日導(dǎo)師簽名．編托、時間∥F妗歲月7明ABSTRACTTHISSTUDYFIRSTLYVERIFYTHESEBUPTIMEOFLINFUMILITARYDISTRICTBYNORTHERNSONGDYNASTY．BECAUSETHEREARENOANYRELEVANTRECORDSRESPECTINGSETUPTIMEOFLINFUMILITARYDISTRICT，SOTHEAUTHORHAVEVERIFIEDTHATTHESETUPTIMEWASBETWEENEMPERORZHENZONGANDEMPERORRENZONGBASEDONTHELINFUZHUOLUNDEPLOYMENTANDLINFUCITYDEPLOYMENTVERIFICATION，ANDCITYDEPLOYMENTCHANGESINHISTORYBYTHEEARLYPERIODOFNORTHERNSONGDYNASTY．SECONDLY,BYRESEARCHINGTHENATURALGEOGRAPHICALENVIRONMENTANDESTABLISHMENTCHANGESINGE,SONG，LIAO，XIXIADYNASTY,THEAUTHORDETERMINESTHATLINFUDISTRICTHADBEENARELATIVELYINDEPENDENTMILITARYDISTRICTSINCETHELATETANGDYNASTYANDWASAVERYIMPORTANTPOSITIONWHICHWASSITUATEDBYKHITANINTHENORTHANDWESTBYTANGUT．FINALLY,THEEMPERORSINNORTHERNSONGMADEAFURTHERINTEGRATIONINTHISAREA，ANDSETUPTHELINFUMILITARYDISTRICT．THIRDLY,THEAUTHORMAKESARESEARCHONTHEBORDERDEFENSEDEPLOYMENTANDMANAGEMENTINTHEEARLY,MIDDLEANDLATENORTHERNSONG，ANDSORTSOUTTHECHARACTERISTICSOFLINFUMILITARYDISTRICTINEACHSTAGETHROUGHSTUDIESONVILLAGEMANAGEMENTANDBORDERMILITARYDEFENSE．FINALLY,THEPAPERDESCRIBESTHEGEOPOLITICALCIRCUMSTANCEANDSTRATEGICPOSITIONOFLINFUMILITARYDISTRICTONTHEBASISOFTHEABOVERESEARCHES，ANDDRAWSACONCLUSIONTHATASABORDERREGIONBETWEENSONG，LIAOANDXIADYNASTY,LINFUMILITARYDISTRICTISTHEGATEWAYOFHEDONGREGION，WHICHPLAYSAFINEBARRIERFUNCTIONINHEDONGREGION．THEMILITARYDISTRICTISNOTONLYBECOMINGPARTNER、加MFUYANMILITARYDISTRICT，COTHREATENINGTHELEFTOFXIXIADYNASTY,BUTALSOPLAYSADOUBLEROLEFUNCTIONTHATISBOTHRECRUITINGANDPACIFYINGTHEABORIGINESANDDEFENDINGLIAOANDXIXIADYNASTY．KEYWORDSNORTHERNSONGDYNASTY,LINFUMILITARYDISTRICT．BORDERDEFENSE

簡介：C密級學(xué)校代碼10075分類號學(xué)號20111013歷史學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文北宋地理新書中的五姓墓葬法研究學(xué)位申請人指導(dǎo)教師學(xué)位類別學(xué)科專業(yè)授予單位答辯日期趙鳴衿李俊芳教授歷史學(xué)碩士中國古代史河北大學(xué)二〇一四年六月CLASSIFIEDINDEXCODE10075UDCNO20111013ADISSERTATIONFORTHEDEGREEOFMHISTORYTHESTUDYONTHEMETHODOFTOMBANDBURIALBYFIVESURNAMEINDILIXINSHUFORTHENORTHERNSONGDYNASTYCANDIDATESUPERVISORACADEMICDEGREEAPPLIEDFORSPECIALTYUNIVERSITYDATEOFORALEXAMINATIONZHAOMINGJINPROFLIJUNFANGMASTEROFHISTORYANCIENTHISTORYOFCHINAHEBEIUNIVERSITYJUNE，2014

簡介：目錄中文摘要??????????????????????????????IABSTRACT??．．??．?．．?．??．?．?．?．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．?．．．．．．．．．?．．．．．．．．．?．．．．．???．．III導(dǎo)論?????????????????????????????????????????L一、國外研究現(xiàn)狀????????????????????????L二、國內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀????????????????????????7三、本文的基本思路和框架????????????????????9第一章馬爾庫塞的早年生活與思想淵源???????????????．12一、德國革命的失敗與最初的政治經(jīng)驗??????????????．13二、小說理論對馬爾庫塞的影響???????????????．15一小說理論的方法論局限及其突破???????????．15二論德國藝術(shù)家小說的基本內(nèi)容????????????．17三、歷史與階級意識在馬爾庫塞早期思想發(fā)展中的中介作用????23一歷史與階級意識的誕生和理論貢獻(xiàn)??????????．23二歷史與階級意識對馬爾庫塞早期思想發(fā)展的影響????．34三海德格爾哲學(xué)與馬克思主義的親緣性???????????37第二章馬爾庫塞對當(dāng)代德國哲學(xué)的TLL手U性考察與具體哲學(xué)定向的確立??．43一、馬爾庫塞對當(dāng)代德國哲學(xué)1871．1933的批判性考察??????46一對新康德主義的批判??????????????????47對德國新黑格爾主義運動的簡要評述???????????49三對現(xiàn)象學(xué)運動的接納和批判???????????????5L二、哲學(xué)的生存論轉(zhuǎn)向與具體哲學(xué)定向的確立???????????．60一海德格爾與哲學(xué)的生存論轉(zhuǎn)向??????????????60二具體哲學(xué)的一般必要性及其方法論要求??????????65三具體哲學(xué)在現(xiàn)今處境中的具體必要性???????????69四具體哲學(xué)的基本特征??????????????????74中文摘要本文旨在系統(tǒng)地研究馬爾庫塞的早期哲學(xué)思想，并通過這種研究揭示其發(fā)展的思想淵源、哲學(xué)定向和內(nèi)在脈絡(luò)。在概述國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，本文主要分四個部分來闡述這一主題第一章梳理馬爾庫塞的早年生活經(jīng)歷和思想淵源，并突出盧卡奇在馬爾庫塞早期哲學(xué)思想發(fā)展中的“中介”作用。一方面，盧卡奇的歷史與階級意識一書為馬爾庫塞打開了一條解釋馬克思主義的嶄新路徑。另一方面，經(jīng)由盧卡奇的“中介”，馬爾庫塞才真正領(lǐng)會到存在主義與馬克思主義之間的“親緣性”。概要地說，這種親緣性主要體現(xiàn)在三個方面一是海德格爾的“基礎(chǔ)存在論”蘊含著“一種存在論上含蓄的物化批判”；二是海德格爾對德國唯心主義進(jìn)行了激進(jìn)的批判和清算；三是海德格爾找到了把歷史性規(guī)定為此在的根本規(guī)定性的道路，從而為批判性地審視馬克思主義本身的“真理”和“有效性”提供了一個參照系。第二章結(jié)合馬爾庫塞對當(dāng)代德國哲學(xué)18711933的批判性考察，探討“具體哲學(xué)”的哲學(xué)定向及其在現(xiàn)今處境中的必要性和基本特征。根據(jù)馬爾庫塞的考察，要想真正解決“把握歷史世界、恢復(fù)哲學(xué)與現(xiàn)實世界的聯(lián)系”這一關(guān)鍵問題，哲學(xué)就必須改弦更張，建立一種能夠處理當(dāng)今重要問題的“具體哲學(xué)”。在論證這一哲學(xué)定向的過程中，馬爾庫塞不僅強(qiáng)調(diào)了海德格爾的“生存論轉(zhuǎn)向”的重要性，而且把盧卡奇的“總體的觀點”作為具體哲學(xué)的一個積極環(huán)節(jié)接納下來。根據(jù)這一決定性的方法論原則，此在的生存總是由具有“統(tǒng)一”結(jié)構(gòu)的特定歷史處境決定的“統(tǒng)一的”生存。因此，只有具體哲學(xué)才能承擔(dān)起分析當(dāng)代資本主義的“生存危機(jī)”的任務(wù)，并通過這種分析為此在的歷史行動提供規(guī)范性準(zhǔn)則。第三章著重探討馬爾庫塞的“歷史唯物主義現(xiàn)象學(xué)”構(gòu)想及其對歷史存在論的初步闡釋。與研究所的其他成員不同，馬爾庫塞最具特色的地方在于他并沒有把歷史性對歷史的存在、結(jié)構(gòu)和運動的存在論解釋與具體歷史對具體的歷史處境及其物質(zhì)條件的分析對立起來。相反，他始終認(rèn)為這兩個方面是相互